Català:
Els premis Nobel de la pau van estar concedits el 2014 a Malala Yousafzai i Kailash Satyarthi, dues persones que dediquen els seus esforços i la seva lluita a millorar la manera de viure dels infants.
Qui era Malala?
Malala Yousafzai va néixer el 1997 a Mingola, al Pakistan. Als dotze anys ja defensava el dret de les nenes pakistaneses a anar a escola i aprendre. Sortosament, el seu pare, que és mestre, sempre li ha fet costat. Als tretze anys escrivia en un bloc, amb pseudònim, les seves experiències a l’escola, i també explicava les atrocitats dels talibans a la Vall del riu Swat i com estaven en contra que les nenes anessin a escola.
L’atemptat contra Malala.
La cadena britànica BBC es va interessar pel que explicava Malala en el seu bloc i ho va retransmetre. Però heus aquí el que va passar: el nou d’octubre de 2013 uns activistes talibans molt violents, contraris al que defensava Malala, la van tirotejar quan anava amb les seves companyes d’escola a l’autobús i va quedar greument ferida. Tothom pensava que es moriria. Les primeres cures les van fer en un hospital pakistanès i després la van traslladar a un hospital de Birmingham, on li van fer força operacions. Sortosament, s’ha anat recuperant de mica en mica.
I ella continua lluitant.
Quan tenia disset anys, al 2014, ha continuat fent campanya amb molta força per aconseguir tot allò que sempre s’ha proposat: l’educació dels infants i en especial de les nenes als països que encara no n’estan convençuts. La Malala, quan parla de la seva lluita, diu: “Un infant, un mestre, un bolígraf i un llibre poden canviar el món”.
De moment viu a Birmingham amb la seva família, els pares i dos germans, i continua estudiant però pensa tornar al seu poble quan ja no estigui amenaçada.
Qui és, Kailash?
L’activista indi Kailash Satyarthi és l’altre premi Nobel de la pau. Va néixer a Vidisha, a l’Índia, l’hivern del 1954. La seva família és d’una casta dita superior. Per tant, ell va tenir tota mena de possibilitats per a estudiar. Als dotze anys ja era sensible a les desigualtats i no entenia com els nens d’una casta dita inferior no anaven a escola i havien de treballar. El preocupava que no tinguessin llibres de text: els uns no tenien gairebé res i els altres ho tenien tot. Per això va animar altres companys i van aconseguir moltes donacions fins a arribar a tenir dos mil llibres i fer una bona biblioteca per als que no en tenien.
De professor universitari a defensor dels nens.
Kailash Satyarthi de gran estudià enginyeria i va ser professor en una universitat de Bhopal durant un temps. Peròno va deixar de preocupar-se per les injustícies en l’educació dels infants que vivien gairebé com a esclaus treballant de sol a sol per a grans empreses en unes condicions miserables. Per això, el 1980 va deixar de fer de professor i va fundar la Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Missió Salvem la Infància).
La tasca de Kailash
Ara continua col·laborant en altres fundacions sobre els drets dels infants i lluita perquè les grans marques de roba, les multinacionals, no s’aprofitin dels nens per a fer-los treballar i explotar-los amb aquestes condicions tan dures que els priven de tot el que han de fer a la seva edat.
English:
The Nobel Peace Prize laureates were awarded in 2014 to Malala Yousafzai and Kailash Satyarthi, two people who devote their efforts and their struggle to improve the way children live.
Who was Malala?
Malala Yousafzai was born in 1997 in Mingola, Pakistan. At age twelve he defended the right of Pakistani girls to go to school and learn. Fortunately, his father, who is a teacher, has always made his way. At thirteen he wrote in a blog, with a pseudonym, his experiences at school, and also explained the Taliban’s atrocities in the Swat River Valley and how they were against girls going to school.
The attack against Malala.
The BBC British chain became interested in what Malala had on his blog and relayed it. But here’s what happened: the new October, 2013, very violent Taliban activists, contrary to what Malala defended, were shot when he went with his schoolmates to the bus and was seriously injured. Everyone thought that he would die. The first cares were done at a Pakistani hospital and then moved to a hospital in Birmingham, where they were doing a lot of operations. Fortunately, it has recovered slowly.
And she continues fighting.
When he was seventeen years old, in 2014, he has continued to campaign with great force to achieve everything that has always been proposed: the education of children and especially girls in countries that are not yet convinced. La Malala, when he talks about his struggle, says: “A child, a teacher, a pen and a book can change the world.”
At the moment he lives in Birmingham with his family, parents and two brothers, and continues to study but plans to return to his village when he is no longer threatened.
Who is it, Kailash?
Indian activist Kailash Satyarthi is the other Nobel Peace Prize winner. He was born in Vidisha, India, in the winter of 1954. His family is of a caste named superior. Therefore, he had all sorts of possibilities to study. At age twelve he was sensitive to inequalities and did not understand how the children of a lower breed did not go to school and had to work. He worried that they did not have textbooks: the ones did not have almost anything and the others had everything. That’s why he encouraged other colleagues and got many donations until he got two thousand books and made a good library for those who did not.
From university professor to defender of the children.
Kailash Satyarthi was a major engineering student and was a professor at a Bhopal university for a while. But he did not stop worrying about the injustices in the education of children who lived almost as slaves working from sunshine to sun for large companies in miserable conditions. For that reason, in 1980 he ceased to be a professor and he founded Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Mission Save Children).
The task of Kailash
He is now collaborating in other foundations on the rights of children and struggles because large clothing brands, multinational companies, do not take advantage of the children to make them work and exploit them under these harsh conditions that will prevent them from all they have to do at their age.
FONT: Revista “Cavall Fort” (Gener 2015). Fina Rifà i Lluís Farré (De part de l’equip de l’Aula d’Acollida de l’Institut Bellvite, MOLTES GRÀCIES).
PREGUNTES:
1 Qui és Malala i per què li van donar el premi Nobel de la Pau? (utilitza les teves pròpies paraules).
2 Qui és Kailash i per què li van donar el premi Nobel de la Pau? (utilitza les teves pròpies paraules).
