From Correodigital.com Bilbao, 30/8/2008
Enrique Zuazua afronta con ilusión la nueva etapa de su vida profesional que comenzará el lunes cuando se incorpore a Ikerbasque como director del Basque Center for Applied Mathematics.
-¿Qué es la matemática aplicada?
-Es una denominación que surge en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, tras la Segunda Guerra Mundial, cuando se desarrolla todo lo que tiene que ver con la computación. Se desarrolla para poder seguir aviones, llevar adelante la carrera espacial, las telecomunicaciones… Todo eso es lo que se llamó matemática aplicada, para diferenciarla de la básica, dedicada a cosas más abstractas.
-Así que había dos matemáticas.
-Es una dicotomía que se ha mantenido durante bastante tiempo. Al final, esa tensión se ha resuelto amigablemente. Sin que la matemática pura deje de existir, la aplicada ha ido cubriéndolo todo: campos de la matemática que se consideraban totalmente puros han ido encontrando aplicaciones importantes.
-¿Por ejemplo?
-Todo lo que tiene que ver con la criptografía, la trasmisión de datos segura.
-Que usamos cada vez que utilizamos un cajero automático, ¿no?
-Exactamente. Es lo que te permite comunicarte con seguridad. Hay un montón de matemáticas que parecía hasta hace unos años que formaban parte de ese mundo de la matemática pura y que realmente también forman parte de la aplicada. Eso hace que hoy ya no haya una dicotomía: uno puede ser matemático aplicado sin renunciar a la otra faceta. Al poner en el nombre del centro ‘matemática aplicada’, queremos enfatizar que, como la investigación más básica ya se hace en la Universidad, queremos centrarnos en las aplicaciones. Casi nada de lo que hacemos sería posible sin matemáticas.
-La matemática aplicada se encarga de cómo hacer una distribución más eficiente de objetos o personas, ¿no?
-Ése es un tema de investigación operativa. Surge con la Revolución Industrial y explica cómo se han de distribuir de manera óptima los trabajadores de una empresa, las paradas de metro, las estaciones del tren de alta velocidad…
-¿Determinar, por ejemplo, el número de estaciones ideal y a que distancia han de estar?
Exactamente. Son temas tremendamente complejos en los que cada vez son más difíciles las respuestas porque intervienen la psicología y la sociología. No en todos los países los hábitos son los mismos, ni la topografía la misma…
-Por eso el metro de Bilbao tiene las estaciones más próximas que el de Madrid, supongo.
-Eso es. En las ciudades más grandes, las estaciones de metro tienen que estar necesariamente más alejadas. Pero, ¿cuánto? ¿En qué momento decide la gente que ya no coge el metro y se va en taxi? ¿Cuál es la distancia máxima tolerable entre estaciones?
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
2) Where can they be studied?
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of Mathematics…the “matemática aplicada” that is the maths we use for technologic things like planes, spacial things…and then there is the “matemática pura” that are the calculs and simple operations like we did in the school.
2) Where can they be studied?
We can study pure maths at school because there are teachers that teach us for learn more and more every day. Then the other type of maths I think it hasn’t got any place to study it. Maybe in the university when you take the carrer of mathmatician but is more about learn from your life in real situations and grow up solving real problems every day.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
He was talking about application maths and pure maths and there are a lot of activities inside these two groups like “criptografia, distancia entre les estacions de metro, transmissió de dades segures, carreras especials, avions, telecomunicacions…” There are a lot of activities we have to do with maths and the title of this article is absolutely true because the majority of things we have to do are with maths. This is the life, from my point of view.
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of mathematics, pure mathematics and “applied mathematics”. The pure mathematic is that one that is used to solve algorithms, very difficult problems and abstract things and the applied mathematic is that one that is used to solve problems in real life related to
technology, informatics… This last one is increasing everyday because we are always finding new “needs” (like mobile phones, consols, computers…).
2) Where can they be studied?
Pure mathematic is studied at a high level in some university studies, like “la carrera d’exactes” and applied mathematic is studied in another university studies like engineering studies, informatic studies…
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
He mentions cryptography, that is the practice and study of hiding information. In modern times cryptography is considered a branch of both mathematics and computer science and is affiliated closely with information theory, computer security and engineering.
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of mathematics, the “Applied Mathematics” and “pure mathematics”. Applied mathematics is developed for space careers, telecommunications, things that happen in real life… And pure mathematics are the abstract maths, operations, problems, calculs…
2) Where can they be studied?
I think that pure mathematics are the maths that all the people studied in the school, university… And also they learned in their own life, because in real life sometimes you have to use maths. And the applied mathematics maybe can be studied in some important universities, it depends what career you choose; If you want to do a career of maths you are going to study this type of maths.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
Applied mathematics and pure mathematics. And inside this two types he mentions the “criptografía”, that in the past people thought that is related with pure mathematics but now is developing in applied mathematics. The purpose of cryptography is to “hide” information in communications between two entities, persons…
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of mathematics, the applied mathematics: consist on the tecnologics of the world and diferent things that you can use mathematics in real life, like the telecomunications, all is more abstract.
The pure mathematics: consist on all the mathematics you study in the school from young to the end of secundary school, and are all the operations and arithmetics that you can do in a simply paper for exemple, to find a solution of a short thing.
2) Where can they be studied?
I think the pure mathematics are studied in all the schools and high schools, and it’s more “mecanical” to studied, but when you are doing Batxiller or some carreers in the university, the people study applied mathematics, for the real things you can find in life.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
Apart from the pure and applied mathematics, there are some branches like the cryptography. This branch is about the information that is hiding, and to study it and to understand it, it’s necessary to use the applied mathematics. However, years before, this brach was considered in the pure mathematics.
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types:
–Applied mathematics : are those that use the mathematics for apply to another concepts like informatic ,communications etc.. we can say that we use that in the application of mathematical knowledge to other domains.
–Pure mathematics are simply operations , abstract maths with calculs etc..
2) Where can they be studied?
we study pure maths at school and some carreers like informatic , and apply mathematics we study in ” high levels” if you study maths at university or you want to be a mathmatician i think you have to study this type of maths.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
the text mentions cryptography the practice and study of hiding information, that before people tought that was in the branch of pure maths , but now is in the both branch of mathematics
1. After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of mathematics, applied math and pure math. Applied math are used to solve problems that in the real life exist, but are related with the technologies. And pure math are used to solve calculus, problems algorithms…
2. Where can they be studied?
I think that pure math are studied in school, and applied math are studied in some careers related with technologies.
3. What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
He mention applied and pure math. There are a lot of activities in both types, but too some activities are related in this to types of math
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of Mathematics, Applied mathematic, and Pure mathematic.
The Pure Mathematic is the “abstract mathematic” the more elemental mathematics that everyone has to know.
And the Applied Mathematic is, as its own name says, the mathematic applied at real situations, for example in the comunications, in the spacial careers…
2) Where can they be studied?
Pure Mathematic is more elemental, and it’s studied at school, high school, and at university in specific careers.
I think abstract mathematic is of a highest level, and it’s only studied in specific careers at university.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
He mention two branches, the Pure Mathematic and the Applied Mathematic, and inside this two branches he mention the criptography and the transmision of information.
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
there are two kinds of mathematics; applied mathematics and pure mathematics.
applied mathematics are used for technologies and informatic.
pure mathematics are the common mathematics with operations.
2) Where can they be studied?
It depends, pure mathematics are basic , so , we study them at school, at the university and always, because if we don’t know it we can not study other types of mathematics.
the applied mathematics aren’t basic ,so, they are learned in other types of classes like universities and especific classes about it.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
he mention applied and pure mathematic but he mention criptography too. Criptography is related to applied mathematics, if you don’t do applied mathematics you can’t do criptography.
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
There are two types of mathematics:
pure mathematics: is that one that is used to solve algorithms, very difficult problems and abstract things
“applied mathematics”. applied mathematic is that one that is used to solve problems in real life related to
technology, informatics..
2) Where can they be studied?
Pure Mathematic is more elemental, and it’s studied at school, secondary, high school.
I think abstract mathematic is of a highest level, and are for think, and it’s studied in very few carreers.
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
The text mentions cryptography the practice and study of hiding information, that before people tought that was in the branch of pure maths , but now is in the both branch of mathematics
1) After reading this article, what two types of Mathematics are there? Describe them.
there are two types of mathematics, one is the pure mathematics, that is used to solve complicated and abstract problems or operations
the other is the applied mathematics that is used to solve operations about new technology, informatics…
2) Where can they be studied?
Pure mathematic can be studied in the school, high school, etc.
the abstract mathematic can be studied in the universities and when you are studying to be a mathematician
3) What branches of Mathematics does he mention and what are they about?
it mentions the criptography, that is the study of the hidden information
a) There are two types of mathematics
Pure mathematics is mathematics motivated entirely for reasons other than application. It is distinguished by its rigour, abstraction, and beauty.
Applied mathematics is a branch of mathematics that concerns itself with the mathematical techniques typically used in the application of mathematical knowledge to other domains.
b) As I can follow in the text I think that pure mathematics we study it in the primary school and also in secundary but in secundary qe start to use applied mathematics like in Chemestry and so on.
c) I think this question is interestig because they mention cartography and we are studyng cartograpy rignt now in History and Geography and the meaning of it is:
is the study and practice of making geographical maps.
Combining science and other studies.
Mariona Tapia ESO 3rd B
a) There are two typer of mathematic: Pure mathematics and applied mathematics.
-Pure mathematics: Is the type of mathematics that we use to solve difficuls problems, algorithims… abstract things…
-Applied mathematics: Is the type of mathematics that we use to solve things in real life (Technology, informatics…).
b) I think that the two types of mathematics can be study in some places…
The pure mathematics I think that are the maths that all the people study in the school or the maths that some people study in university…
The applied mathematics I think that it can be more difficult to study but it can be study in ”carrera” if you do technology , informatis, that there are (”matematicas aplicadas a la tecnologia, a la informatica…).
c)The branch of mathematics that the text mention is cartography, that is the study of hiding information. In the text says that in the past, criptography was in the branch of pure mathematics, but now it is in applied mathematics too.
Clàudia Perona 3rA
a) There are two types of mathematics: the pure mathematics and the applied mathematics.
·Pure mathematics: consist on the mathematics that we study in the school from primary school to the end of secundary school and of course the algorithms and all the operations that we do in a paper.
·Applied mathematics: consist on the tecnologics, informatics and the diferents things that you can use mathematics in real life.
b)The pure mathematics can be studied at school, high school, at the university …
The applied mathematics can be studied in the university doing a carera of fisics, technologics, informatics, and of course if you want to be a mathematician, you have to study this type of maths.
c) He mentions cryptography; that’s the practice and study of hiding information. Now cryptogrphy is considered a branch of both mathematics, but years before, cryptography was considered in the pure mathematics.
Miquel Marsà 3rB
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