22/07/2008 From El País (by DÀMARIS TORRADO)
La Universidad de Lleida (UdL) acoge desde ayer y hasta mañana las Jornadas de Matemática Discreta y Algorítmica, en las que participan un centenar de estudiosos venidos de todo el mundo con el fin de analizar y perfeccionar los protocolos de protección de datos como los que se utilizan en la banca online y las compras por Internet. Esta es la primera vez que Lleida acoge este encuentro, que ahora llega a su sexta edición y que ha congregado en la capital del Segrià a expertos en matemáticas de toda España, sobre todo, pero que cuenta también con la presencia de investigadores procedentes de Australia, Alemania, India, Francia, México, Bosnia y Cuba.El grupo de investigación en Criptografía y Grafos del departamento de Matemática de
la UdL ha sido el encargado de organizar estas jornadas, que servirán como espacio de intercambio de ideas y de trabajo en equipo sobre teorías de códigos y protocolos combinatorios, sistemas muy ligados a la sociedad de la información y a la seguridad en Internet.
Aplicaciones reales
“Este ámbito de las matemáticas tiene muchas aplicaciones en el mundo real, ya que gracias a los grafos, la criptografía y la combinatoria podemos crear sistemas para trabajar en
la Red cada vez más seguros. Los mecanismos de seguridad en Internet no son otra cosa que algoritmos matemáticos sin resolver“, explica Josep Maria Miret, profesor de
la UdL y miembro del comité organizador.Miret añade que uno de los problemas de estos mecanismos es que se han implantado hace poco en
la Red y mucha gente aún desconfía de ellos. “No son fiables al 100%, pero son suficientemente seguros para trabajar con ellos. Lo que pasa es que las empresas y organismos que los quieren usar para proteger sus webs tienen que hacer un esfuerzo para implantar el sistema adecuado para su producto”, precisa señala Miret.En contra de lo que podría parecer, Miret asegura que los hackers o piratas electrónicos (las personas que entran en espacios protegidos de la banca o de
la Administración para usar los datos logrados en beneficio propio o por afán de notoriedad) no son enemigos de los matemáticos: “Creo que son positivos para nuestro trabajo, ya que nos hacen ver por dónde fallan los sistemas de seguridad que hemos ideado, obligándonos a mejorarlos”.
1) “Los mecanismos de seguridad en Internet no son otra cosa que algoritmos matemáticos sin resolver”. What do you think this sentence mean related with security on Internet?
2) Look for some definitions of what the bold words in the text.
3) Why don’t students study about these parts of Math?
a) I think that this sentence is related with the security in Internet because It has a complex system, like mathematics and it’s very difficult to solve it, and I think that there are some people that use her Mathematical knowledge for do an estrategical system for the security in Internet and another people that uses Mathematical knowledge for himself.
b)hackers o piratas electrónicos: Creo que son positivos para nuestro trabajo, ya que nos hacen ver por dónde fallan los sistemas de seguridad que hemos ideado, obligándonos a mejorarlos”. I think that this is a good example gfor a bold words Because I think that If there aren’t hackers it isn’t important to improve the security of internet and I think that He is very bolt for say it.
c) may be the students don’t study this parts of mathematic because it’s a new technology and in the schools don’t give them a lot of importance.
May be there are another answers for these questions, but are my opinions ad I hope that you enjoy with them.
See you next day.
A) I think that this sentence is not true. I’m sure that people would never codify their data with a mathematic combination or a formula that no one can solve. At least, they must know the answer!
But, answering with another point of view, this sentence has some part of reason. I mean, you can only decode the security mechanisms to use your data (so, only you know the “password”) because they are very difficult mathematic codified messages that hackers can’t decode to steal you your money or data.
B) Information and definitions of the bold words:
•Teorías de códigos and protocolos combinatorios: the different ways that people have invented to read and write codified messages.
•Grafos (a writing sign): Every abstract unit that is into the group of graphics that a letter has got.
•Criptografía (Cryptography): It’s the art or way to write secret massages with an enigmatic mode that you can only decode with a secret key.
•Combinatoria: The art of math that consists to combine by producing mixtures (in this case of numbers and letters) to create new codified messages or data.
C) I don’t know why students don’t study these parts of math. I think that they could have fun by learning how to write and codified codes (some of Sherlock Holmes stories are about how to decipher a secret message and a lot of people like this stories). In fact, when you are learning how to write and read and decode secret messages, you are learning another system of communication. Maybe students don’t want to learn this new “languages” because they are difficult to understand (and this explains why these codes are used to protect some data).
See you next class!
Roger Marí!
a) I think that this sentence it has a relation with the internet security. I think that this things of the computers are related to the algorithms because the two thing are very difficult.
b)Criptologia: Es la ciencia de escribir mensajes en clave para k los otros no puedan descubrirlos. It’s the science that consists in the secret writing. It’s used to write codifyied messages that no one can solve if he doesn’t has the answer
c) Because these things are very complicated. And this part it’s very new in the world of maths.
Adrián González
a) I think that this sentence has to do with security because the technology is like the math problems are that there is a beginning and an end, that is the conclusion or solution.
b) Information and definitions about bold words:
·grafos: what is a unit comprised of the spelling of the letters.
·Criptografía: art of writing with a secret key or so enigmatic.
·Combinatoria: Part of mathematics that studies the number of possibilities for management, selection and exchange of elements of a set.
c) I don’t know why they don’t want to study that part of mathematics but a band would be good, because it would be like having an own language, I think that as time goes on the final study.
Miquel Marsà
see you next day!!!
1) “Los mecanismos de seguridad en Internet no son otra cosa que algoritmos matemáticos sin resolver”. What do you think this sentence mean related with security on Internet?
I think that this sentence is relate with process of make a password, because you have to do a very complicate algorithm, because if not the people can enter in it, like crackers.
2) Look for some definitions of what the bold words in the text.
– A graph (grafo in Spanish) is an specific word relate in the word that form.
(Ex: numbers, letters, points, etc).
– Cryptography: is the art or science of write a new language using graphs
– The combination is the way that we can do for make a new language.
3) Why don’t students study about these parts of Math?
In my opinion students don’t learn this branch of maths because is like teach to be a hacker. More over this type of things is so complicate for students of ESO.
I think that what those mathematicians are doing is a good idea. It’s always good to try to improve security on-line, because there are a lot of hackers that can steal money by breaking security systems, and I think that’s why people don’t like really much banks on-line, and they don’t trust on them.
And I think that sentence above means that, as computers have a lot of codes, they say they’re like algorithms that they have to solve, as if they were “pattern searchers”.
Why students don’t study this? I don’t know, it could be good. In fact, I’d like to study it.
Grafo (a written sign): It means “writing”.
Criptografía (cryptography): Act of writing in code.
Combinatoria (I didn’t find any translation): Science that studies the possible combinations or clusters of a certain number of elements.
1) “Los mecanismos de seguridad en Internet no son otra cosa que algoritmos matemáticos sin resolver”. What do you think this sentence mean related with security on Internet?
I think that security on Internet exists because of a lot of computer programmes; and these programmes are based in maths. If you want to “break” that security, you have to solve these mathematic algorithms.
2) Look for some definitions of what the bold words in the text.
Coding theory is a mathematical speciality that treats of the laws of the codification of the information.
They are flexible and changeable sequences, of variation and transformation produced from the mutation of certain generating, logical rules or nuclear criteria. The above mentioned chains, called also protocols or combinatorial theorems, are virtually infinite and its development, even interrupted, demonstrates like virtually unfinished.
In mathematics a graph is an abstract representation of a set of objects where some pairs of the objects are connected by links.
Cryptography is the art or science of coding and deciphering information using technologies that make possible the exchange of messages of a sure way that only could be read by the persons who are directed.
Combinatorics is a branch of pure mathematics concerning the study of countable (and usually finite) objects
3) Why don’t students study about these parts of Math?
ESO’s students have to study the most important and basic parts of mathematics.To study these other parts you have to specialize in a work related to maths.
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