Water & Climate

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  1.  What percentage of the world’s surface is water?
  2.  What percentage of the world’s water is fresh / drinking water?
  3.  Where is the majority of the world’s fresh water found?
  4.  Explain the water cycle
  5.  Does the amount of water on the Earth change or is always the same?
  6.  In what three forms can we find water?
  7.  Where do we find all the world’s sea water?
  8.  What does salinity refer to?
  9.  In the water cycle, first the water e_____, then it r_______ and c______, next it c_________, finally it falls as p_______
  10.  True or false: All fresh water can be used for drinking water
  11.  Where do we find Continental water? (page 40)
  12.  What is a ‘continuously moving body of water’? (page 41)
  13.  What is a tributary?
  14.  Where does a river start and end? S_____ & r_____ m____
  15.  On which continent is the river Mississippi?
  16.  On which continent is the river Danube?
  17.  On which continent is the river Yangtze?
  18.  On which continent is the river Zaire?
  19.  On which continent is the river Amazon?
  20.  On which continent is the river Nile?
  21.  What is the name of the area that catches all the rain water that is then directed down to a river? R________ b_____ (page 41)
  22.  What are the three parts of the course of a river? (page 42)
  23.  What is an alluvial plain?
  24.  What is an estuary?
  25. What is a delta?
  26. What is the difference between an estuary and a delta?
  27.  Snow, rain and hail are the three forms of what? P___________
  28.  Why would a river have a higher flow in spring? (page 43)
  29.  What does it mean when a river meanders?
  30.  What is the largest lake in the world? (page 44)
  31.  What is the deepest lake in the world?
  32.  Which is the highest inhabited lake in the world? (It’s in South America)
  33.  Which is the second largest fresh water lake in the world? (It’s in Africa)
  34.  Name the five Great Lakes in the USA
  35.  Name the two largest lakes of Canada
  36.  What is groundwater?
  37.  What is an aquifer?
  38.  What is a glacier?
  39.  What does a glacier create?
  40.  Name two countries famous for their glaciers
  41.  What do ice caps and glaciers hold the most of on the Earth? (page 45)
  42.  What is the name for floating masses of ice that break off coastal glaciers in summer? (page 45)
  43.  What moves the waves?
  44.  What rises and lowers the tides?
  45.  What moves the ocean currents?
  46.  What is the name of the ocean current that determines the mild weather in western Europe? The G_______ S______
  47.  Where does this current originate from? The G_______ of M________ (page 50)
  48.  Name two reasons why oceans and seas are important for humans (page 47)
  49.  What is the name given to the layer of gasses that surround the Earth? (page 54)
  50.  What are the two predominant gases in this layer?
  51.  What are the names of the two layers of gases closest to the Earth’s surface? T__________ & S_________
  52.  What is the name of the layer of the gas closest to the Earth’s surface where precipitation takes place?
  53.  What is the name given to the study of weather conditions? (page 54) M____________
  54.  What is the name given to the study of the climate? C________
  55.  What three factors influence temperature? (page 56)

L__________, A__________ & D_______ from the s_____

  1.  What are the names of the Earth’s three temperature zones? (page 57) H______ zone, T_______ zone & C____ zone
  2.  Why is the hot zone hot? Because the sun’s rays reach the Earth’s surface at a v______ a_______ all year round (page 57)
  3.  The Hot zone is between which two Tropics? The Tropic of _________ and the Tropic of _________
  4.  What three types of rainfall are there? C___________, O_________ & F____________
  5.  What are the three forms of precipitation? S_____, r______ & h_______ (page 58)
  6.  What causes humidity? (page 58) The evaporation of …
  7.  When water vapour cools, it does what? C___________
  8.  When water vapour becomes liquid it forms small drops and these small drops are c (page 58)
  9.  What three factors affect precipitation? L__________, A____________ & H___________.
  10.  What instrument is used to measure atmospheric pressure? (page 60)
  11.  True or false: Hot air weighs less than cold air
  12.  Areas of high pressure are called A_________ and they cause d_____, s_______ weather and c_______ skies. (page 60)
  13.  What instrument do we use to measure wind speed? An A_________
  14.  Winds that always blow in the same direction are called P__________ winds. For example the T_________ winds always blow from the tropics toward the Equator
  15.  Winds that change direction according to the time of year are called S________ winds.
  16.  What is the name of the local wind here in the province of Girona? L__ T_________
  17.  When there is high pressure the weather is usually s______ and d_______
  18.  When there is low pressure the weather usually has s______ and r_____ (page 61)
  19.  What is the name for an area of low pressure that causes unstable weather? D_____________ (page 60)
  20.  A tropical cyclone is also known as a h__________ and in Asia it is called a t___________ (page 61 – Did you know?)
  21.  A t_________ is a column of air that spins rapidly (page 61 – Did you know?)
  22.  What is the Greenhouse effect? (page 64)
  23.  What causes air pollution?
  24.  True or false: the average temperature of the Earth’s surface has increased since the twentieth century
  25.  The Kyoto Protocol in 1997 was a treaty to try and reduce what? G___________ g________